More Mobile Health App Guidance from FDA for Pharma to Worry About

The more I dig into FDA regulation of mobile health/medical apps, the more I worry that many pharma health apps aimed at consumers may be in FDA's crosshairs.

At first, I thought that PhRMA and other industry spokespeople were engaging in a bit of fear mongering when they suggested that the FDA "will soon require apps such as medication prescription renewal reminders and blood glucose level tracking functions to be regulated as medical devices" (see "Mobile Regulatory Fears: PhRMA Raises an Alarm").

Then I interviewed Bradley Merrill Thompson, Member of the Firm at Epstein Becker & Green and General Counsel to the mHealth Regulatory Coalition. We discussed the prospects for FDA's final guidance on regulation of mobile medical apps (MMAs) and other regulatory issues that the mobile health community and FDA will need to face after publication of the "final" guidelines. In his closing remarks, however, Thompson revealed that there is ANOTHER FDA mobile guidance that the drug industry should be concerned about: new guidelines regarding FDA's regulation of clinical decision support (CDS) software.

listen to ‘FDA's Upcoming CDS Guidance’ on Audioboo

You can listen to the full interview here. FDA has been regulating many different types of CDS for the last 20 years, but -- surprise, surprise -- it has never published a guidance document regarding its CDS regulatory program.

What is CDS? Here's FDA's definition:

• Uses an individual’s information from various sources (electronically or manually entered) 
• Converts this information into new information that is intended to support a clinical decision 
• Could be a mobile application, web-based service or desk top application

Converting data could include the use of algorithms or formulas such as the Janssen's PASI calculator and other pharma apps (see "Checking Under the Hood of Pharma Mobile Apps" and "Some Unregulated Physician Smartphone Apps May Be Buggy").

These days, CDS software is increasingly being run by mobile apps. Hence, the importance of determining which apps are likely to be regulated as CDS devices.

What are examples of CDS? Some examples that FDA lists as examples of CDS include mobile apps that remind users to take their medication:

• calculates creatinine clearance or BMI
• gives reminders for tests, consults or medications
• checks for drug-drug interaction
• checks for allergies directs where to biopsy 
• suggests cancer treatment based on proprietary algorithm, not widely accepted
• provides radiation treatment recommendation from combines multiple physiological inputs
• interprets complex information to an untrained user

FDA says its regulation of CDS apps depends on the clinical impact of medical decisions made on the basis of such apps (see this FDA PPT and figure below).

(click on image for an enlarged view)